Perfectly matched layer

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The perfectly matched layer (PML) approach to implementing absorbing boundary conditions in FDTD codes was proposed by Berenger in 1994. The approach involves surrounding the computational cell with medium that in theory absorbs without any reflection electromagnetic waves at all frequencies and angles of incidence. Berenger showed that such a medium can be constructed as a lossy anisotropic dielectric with electric and magnetic conductivities of equal magnitude. Of course, the magnetic conductivity requirement makes this an unphysical medium.

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